spike-wave complex
A characteristic EEG pattern consisting of a sharp spike followed by a slow wave, typically associated with epileptic activity.
Full Definition
A spike-wave complex is a distinctive electroencephalographic pattern characterized by a high-amplitude, brief spike (typically lasting less than 80 milliseconds) followed immediately by a slow wave component. This pattern is pathognomonic of epileptic activity and represents synchronous neuronal discharge across cortical regions. Spike-wave complexes can be focal (localized to specific brain regions) or generalized (appearing across multiple electrode sites simultaneously). The morphology, frequency, and distribution of spike-wave complexes provide important diagnostic information about seizure type and epilepsy syndrome. Generalized 3-Hz spike-wave complexes are particularly associated with absence epilepsy.
Usage
Usage note: Hyphenate when used as a compound modifier; may appear as 'spike and wave' in some contexts.
In Context
- "The EEG demonstrated frequent spike-wave complexes originating from the left temporal region." — Neurophysiology interpretation
- "Generalized 3-Hz spike-wave complexes were observed during hyperventilation activation." — Epilepsy monitoring report