Clinical Neurophysiology Glossary

The international standardized method for electrode placement in EEG recording.

American Academy of Sleep Medicine; the organization that establishes standardized scoring criteria for sleep studies.

Abnormal electrical activity recorded from cortex following direct electrical stimulation during brain mapping.

A comatose state with preserved alpha rhythm on EEG, typically indicating brainstem pathology.

The magnitude or strength of electrical activity measured in neurophysiological recordings.

EEG changes occurring with transitions from sleep to wakefulness, important for assessing neurological function.

A neurophysiological test measuring the electrical activity of the auditory pathway from the eighth cranial nerve to the...

Normal variant EEG findings during sleep that may resemble epileptiform activity but lack clinical significance.

Normal EEG patterns that resemble epileptiform discharges but are not associated with seizure disorders.

Childhood epilepsy syndrome characterized by focal seizures with centrotemporal spikes, typically resolving by adolescen...

EEG display showing voltage differences between pairs of adjacent electrodes to reveal field distribution patterns.

A brainstem reflex elicited by stimulating the supraorbital nerve and recording from orbicularis oculi muscles bilateral...

Abnormally fast activity recorded over skull defects, creating artifacts that must be distinguished from pathological fi...

An EEG pattern characterized by alternating periods of high-amplitude activity and electrical suppression.

The summed electrical response of multiple muscle fibers recorded during nerve conduction studies, representing motor ne...

A signal processing technique measuring the linear correlation between EEG signals at different electrode sites as a fun...

Electrodiagnostic technique using antidromic and orthodromic stimulation to assess nerve conduction pathway integrity.

Focal failure of nerve impulse transmission along an axon segment, demonstrated by amplitude reduction between proximal...

Extended electroencephalographic recording over hours to days to capture intermittent abnormalities or monitor criticall...

Neurosurgical procedure involving sectioning of the corpus callosum to prevent seizure spread between brain hemispheres.

Spurious activation of adjacent muscles during selective nerve stimulation due to current spread or volume conduction.

Progressive reduction in muscle response amplitude during repetitive nerve stimulation, indicating neuromuscular junctio...

Surgically implanted intracranial electrode that records directly from deep brain structures.

Direct recording of electrical activity from the brain surface using surgically placed electrodes during epilepsy surger...