spasticity
Pronunciation: spas-TIS-ih-tee
A velocity-dependent increase in tonic stretch reflexes resulting in muscle stiffness and involuntary spasms, commonly managed in neurological rehabilitation.
Full Definition
Spasticity is a motor disorder characterised by a velocity-dependent increase in muscle tone due to hyperexcitability of the stretch reflex, typically arising from an upper motor neuron lesion such as stroke, spinal cord injury, cerebral palsy, or multiple sclerosis. In rehabilitation documents, spasticity is frequently graded using the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) or the Tardieu Scale. Editors must distinguish between spasticity and rigidity: spasticity is velocity-dependent whereas rigidity is not. The term should not be used loosely as a synonym for 'muscle tightness' or 'stiffness' in clinical documents, as these have distinct clinical meanings. Treatment references may include pharmacological agents (e.g., baclofen, botulinum toxin) and physical modalities.
Usage
Usage note: Never substitute 'spasticity' with 'stiffness' or 'tightness' in clinical documents without clinical author approval. Confirm which grading scale is being referenced.
In Context
- "Spasticity in the right lower limb was graded 2 on the Modified Ashworth Scale at the six-week review." — Neurological rehabilitation assessment
- "Intrathecal baclofen was considered after oral medications failed to adequately control spasticity." — Case conference report