amyloid hypothesis
The theory that accumulation of amyloid beta protein is the primary pathological event driving Alzheimer's disease progression.
Full Definition
The amyloid hypothesis, also known as the amyloid cascade hypothesis, proposes that the accumulation and aggregation of amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides in the brain is the initiating factor in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. According to this hypothesis, amyloid beta deposits lead to the formation of senile plaques, which trigger a cascade of events including tau protein abnormalities, neuroinflammation, synaptic dysfunction, and ultimately neuronal death. While this hypothesis has dominated Alzheimer's research for decades and guided therapeutic development, recent clinical trial failures have led to increased scrutiny and consideration of alternative mechanisms.
Usage
Usage note: Use 'hypothesis' not 'theory' in scientific writing to indicate the provisional nature of the concept.
In Context
- "The failure of several amyloid-targeting drugs has prompted researchers to question the amyloid hypothesis." — Research literature review
- "Clinical trial design was based on the amyloid hypothesis, targeting early plaque formation." — Study protocol