Cognitive Neurology Glossary

Repetitive continuation of a response or behavior beyond its relevance or appropriateness.

The inability to recognize familiar voices despite intact hearing and general auditory processing.

Ability to recognize and manipulate individual speech sounds in language.

Speech error involving sound substitutions within words, characteristic of certain types of aphasia.

Writing disorder characterized by difficulty spelling unfamiliar words and nonwords while retaining ability to spell fam...

Temporary storage system for speech sounds during language processing and production.

Reading disorder characterized by impaired ability to decode unfamiliar words using sound-letter correspondence rules.

Pathological protein inclusions characteristic of frontotemporal dementia and Pick disease.

A neurodegenerative syndrome characterized by gradual loss of language abilities with relative preservation of other cog...

Inability to recognize familiar faces despite normal vision and cognitive function.

Neurological condition characterized by sudden, uncontrollable episodes of laughing or crying that are disproportionate...

A brief cognitive screening battery assessing multiple domains of neuropsychological function in adults.

Delusional belief that a familiar place has been duplicated, existing simultaneously in two or more locations.

Memory impairment affecting recall of information and events that occurred before the onset of brain injury or illness.

A progressive language disorder characterized by loss of word meaning and object knowledge, considered a variant of fron...

A neuropsychological test measuring the ability to generate words within a specific category within a time limit.

Language error involving substitution of a semantically related word, typically seen in fluent aphasia syndromes.

Visual processing disorder characterized by inability to perceive multiple objects or elements of a scene simultaneously...

Repetitive, purposeless movements or behaviors often seen in neurodevelopmental conditions.

A pattern of increased confusion, agitation, and behavioral symptoms that occur in the late afternoon or evening in pati...

Increased confusion and behavioral symptoms in dementia patients occurring in late afternoon or evening.

Diagnostic procedure involving removal of cerebrospinal fluid to assess for normal pressure hydrocephalus.

A microtubule-associated protein that, when abnormally phosphorylated, forms neurofibrillary tangles characteristic of A...

Temporary focal weakness or paralysis following a seizure, typically lasting minutes to hours, helping to localize the s...