Caries
Pronunciation: KAIR-eez
The progressive bacterial destruction of tooth structure resulting in cavities; commonly known as tooth decay.
Full Definition
Dental caries is a multifactorial infectious disease in which acid produced by oral bacteria demineralises and ultimately destroys enamel, dentine, and cementum. Critically for editors, 'caries' functions as both a singular and plural noun — the same form is used whether describing decay in one tooth or many (i.e., 'a caries lesion' and 'multiple caries lesions', never 'a carie'). The word is often misused in lay writing as 'carries'; editors must correct this. In clinical records, caries severity is frequently described using the ICDAS (International Caries Detection and Assessment System) grading. 'Dental caries' is the preferred formal term; 'cavity' or 'tooth decay' are acceptable lay equivalents in patient-facing documents.
Usage
Usage note: 'Caries' is both singular and plural — never write 'a carie'. Distinguish from 'erosion' (chemical, non-bacterial tooth wear) and 'abrasion' (mechanical wear).
In Context
- "Active caries was detected in the mesial surface of the lower-right first molar." — Dental examination charting
- "The practice's caries prevention protocol includes dietary advice and topical fluoride application." — Practice policy document