Periapical Cemental Dysplasia
Also written as: PCD — Periapical Cemental Dysplasia
A benign fibro-osseous lesion of the jaw appearing at tooth apices in distinct radiographic stages, unrelated to pulpal pathology.
Full Definition
Periapical cemental dysplasia (PCD) progresses through three radiographic stages: an early osteolytic (radiolucent) stage that mimics periapical pathology, a mixed radiolucent-radiopaque stage, and a mature stage showing dense calcified masses. A critical editorial and diagnostic point is that the associated teeth remain vital—electric pulp testing results are normal—distinguishing PCD from inflammatory periapical lesions. The condition is most prevalent in middle-aged Black women and frequently affects the mandibular anterior teeth. Editors must avoid the outdated synonym 'cementoma,' which has been replaced in current nomenclature, and should use the WHO-approved terminology.
Usage
Usage note: Do not use the obsolete term 'cementoma.' Confirm tooth vitality status is documented when this diagnosis appears, as it is essential to differential diagnosis.
In Context
- "The radiographic findings of a mixed radiolucent-radiopaque lesion at the apex of the vital mandibular central incisor were characteristic of the intermediate stage of periapical cemental dysplasia." — Oral and maxillofacial radiology report
- "Authors should note that 'cementoma' is an outdated term for periapical cemental dysplasia and should not appear in current publications." — Journal editorial policy note