Dental Research Glossary
105 terms total — 5 showing — Last updated 15 Sep 2026
Crossover Study Design
A clinical trial design in which each participant receives two or more treatments in sequence, serving as their own control, commonly used in dental intervention studies to reduce inter-subject variability.
Apical Periodontitis
Inflammation of the periapical tissues surrounding the root apex, typically resulting from pulp necrosis or failed endod...
Periapical Index
A five-point ordinal scale used to grade periapical tissue status on radiographs, from normal to severe apical periodont...
Periapical Radiograph
An intraoral dental radiograph that captures the entire tooth including the root apex and surrounding periapical bone.
PICO
An acronym for Population, Intervention, Comparator, and Outcome; a structured framework used to formulate research ques...
Pulp Capping
A dental procedure in which a material is placed directly or indirectly over exposed or nearly exposed dental pulp to pr...