emergency laparotomy
Urgent open surgical exploration of the abdomen performed within hours of presentation for life-threatening conditions.
Full Definition
Emergency laparotomy is an urgent surgical procedure involving open exploration of the abdominal cavity, typically performed within 2-6 hours of patient presentation. This procedure is reserved for life-threatening conditions such as bowel perforation, major intra-abdominal bleeding, necrotizing infections, or other catastrophic abdominal emergencies. The decision for emergency laparotomy is based on clinical presentation, imaging findings, and hemodynamic status. The procedure carries significant morbidity and mortality risks, particularly in elderly or critically ill patients, requiring careful preoperative optimization when time permits.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from elective or semi-urgent laparotomy in documentation.
In Context
- "The patient was taken for emergency laparotomy due to signs of perforation and hemodynamic instability." — Operative scheduling note
- "Emergency laparotomy revealed a perforated duodenal ulcer requiring primary repair." — Operative report