hyperparathyroidism
Condition where parathyroid glands produce excessive parathyroid hormone, leading to elevated blood calcium levels.
Full Definition
Hyperparathyroidism is a disorder characterized by overactivity of one or more of the parathyroid glands, resulting in excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH). This leads to hypercalcemia and associated symptoms including kidney stones, bone disease, and neuropsychiatric manifestations. Primary hyperparathyroidism is most commonly caused by parathyroid adenomas, while secondary forms result from chronic kidney disease or vitamin D deficiency. The condition requires careful surgical consideration and is a frequent indication for parathyroidectomy.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from hyperthyroidism; both involve endocrine overactivity but affect different glands.
In Context
- "The patient's hyperparathyroidism was confirmed by elevated serum PTH and calcium levels." — surgical consultation note
- "Primary hyperparathyroidism typically presents with the classic triad of stones, bones, and groans." — medical textbook