thyroid storm
Life-threatening acute exacerbation of hyperthyroidism with severe systemic manifestations requiring emergency management.
Full Definition
Thyroid storm is a rare but life-threatening endocrine emergency characterized by severe, acute exacerbation of hyperthyroidism with multisystem organ dysfunction. Clinical features include high fever, tachycardia, altered mental status, congestive heart failure, and gastrointestinal symptoms. Precipitating factors often include infection, surgery, discontinuation of antithyroid medications, or iodine exposure in hyperthyroid patients. Management requires immediate recognition and aggressive treatment with antithyroid drugs, beta-blockers, corticosteroids, and supportive care. Mortality rates remain significant despite treatment, making early recognition and prevention crucial in the perioperative management of hyperthyroid patients.
Usage
Usage note: Considered a medical emergency; distinguish from uncomplicated hyperthyroidism in documentation.
In Context
- "The patient developed thyroid storm following emergency surgery for appendicitis." — ICU consultation
- "Preoperative optimization of thyroid function is essential to prevent thyroid storm." — perioperative guideline