Epileptic spasms
Brief seizures characterized by sudden flexion or extension movements, typically occurring in infants with epileptic encephalopathies.
Full Definition
Epileptic spasms are a specific seizure type characterized by brief (1-2 seconds) sudden contractions involving flexion, extension, or mixed flexor-extensor movements of the proximal muscles, particularly affecting the neck, trunk, and extremities. These seizures typically occur in clusters upon awakening or during transitions between sleep and wakefulness. They are most commonly associated with infantile epileptic spasms syndrome (West syndrome) but can occur in other epileptic encephalopathies and may persist into childhood and adulthood.
Usage
Usage note: Preferred term over 'infantile spasms' when occurring outside infancy; describe movement direction when possible.
In Context
- "The infant presented with clusters of epileptic spasms associated with developmental regression." — Pediatric neurology consultation
- "Video-EEG confirmed epileptic spasms with characteristic electrodecremental pattern." — Epilepsy monitoring report