fetal anemia
Condition of reduced fetal red blood cell count or hemoglobin levels requiring specialized monitoring.
Full Definition
A condition characterized by decreased fetal hemoglobin levels below normal ranges for gestational age, which can result from various causes including maternal red blood cell alloimmunization, parvovirus B19 infection, or inherited hemoglobinopathies. Fetal anemia can lead to hydrops fetalis if severe and untreated. Diagnosis is typically made using middle cerebral artery Doppler ultrasound to detect increased peak systolic velocity, which correlates with anemia severity. Treatment may include intrauterine transfusion, maternal immunoglobulin therapy, or early delivery depending on the underlying cause and severity.
Usage
Usage note: Always specify the diagnostic method used (Doppler, cordocentesis) when documenting fetal anemia assessment.
In Context
- "Serial MCA Doppler monitoring detected developing fetal anemia at 28 weeks." — Surveillance report
- "Severe fetal anemia required immediate intrauterine transfusion." — Emergency consultation note