fetal fibronectin
A glycoprotein found at the maternal-fetal interface, used as a biomarker to predict preterm delivery risk.
Full Definition
Fetal fibronectin (fFN) is a glycoprotein that acts as an adhesive between the chorion and decidua at the maternal-fetal interface. During normal pregnancy, fetal fibronectin is typically absent from cervicovaginal secretions between 22-34 weeks gestation due to the strong adherence of fetal membranes. The presence of fetal fibronectin in cervicovaginal fluid during this period may indicate membrane disruption and increased risk of preterm delivery within 7-14 days. The test is particularly useful for its negative predictive value - a negative fFN test has a high probability of indicating that delivery will not occur within the next two weeks. Testing is contraindicated in the presence of vaginal bleeding, recent intercourse, or cervical manipulation, as these can cause false-positive results.
Usage
Usage note: Often abbreviated as fFN; high negative predictive value makes it useful for ruling out imminent preterm delivery.
In Context
- "Fetal fibronectin testing was negative, providing reassurance that preterm delivery was unlikely within two weeks." — Emergency department evaluation
- "The positive fetal fibronectin prompted administration of corticosteroids and tocolytic therapy." — Treatment decision note