neural tube defect
Congenital malformation resulting from failure of neural tube closure during early embryonic development, including spina bifida and anencephaly.
Full Definition
Neural tube defects (NTDs) are serious birth defects that occur when the neural tube fails to close properly during the third and fourth weeks of pregnancy. The neural tube is the embryonic structure that eventually develops into the baby's brain and spinal cord. Common types include spina bifida (incomplete closure of the spine), anencephaly (absence of major portions of the brain), and encephalocele (brain tissue protruding through skull defects). These defects can often be prevented with adequate folic acid supplementation before conception and during early pregnancy.
Usage
Usage note: Commonly abbreviated as NTD in clinical documentation.
In Context
- "Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein levels were elevated, suggesting possible neural tube defect." — Laboratory report