cytoreductive surgery
An extensive surgical procedure aimed at removing all visible tumor deposits, often combined with heated chemotherapy for peritoneal surface malignancies.
Full Definition
Cytoreductive surgery, also known as debulking surgery, is a complex surgical procedure designed to remove all macroscopically visible tumor from the peritoneal cavity in patients with peritoneal surface malignancies. The goal is to achieve complete cytoreduction, leaving no residual tumor deposits larger than 2.5mm, which is classified as R0/R1 resection. The procedure often involves multiple organ resections including portions of the colon, small bowel, spleen, gallbladder, and peritoneal stripping from various surfaces. Cytoreductive surgery is frequently combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in the same operative session. The completeness of cytoreduction is the most important prognostic factor for survival, making the expertise of specialized surgical teams crucial for optimal outcomes.
Usage
Usage note: Often abbreviated as CRS; distinguish from palliative debulking procedures.
In Context
- "Complete cytoreductive surgery was achieved with removal of all visible tumor deposits followed by HIPEC administration." — Operative report
- "The patient was evaluated for cytoreductive surgery but was deemed unsuitable due to extensive small bowel involvement." — Surgical oncology assessment