Gastrointestinal Oncology Glossary

The most common type of gastrointestinal cancer arising from glandular epithelial cells.

Additional treatment given after primary surgery to reduce risk of cancer recurrence.

The anatomical structure where the common bile duct and pancreatic duct join before entering the duodenum.

Cancer arising from the ampulla of Vater, where the bile and pancreatic ducts meet.

A serious postoperative complication where surgical connections between bowel segments fail to heal properly, causing co...

Narrowing at the surgical connection site between two hollow organs.

Precancerous condition where normal esophageal squamous epithelium is replaced by intestinal-type columnar epithelium.

Abnormal enlargement of the biliary tree, often indicating downstream obstruction.

Tubular prosthetic device placed to relieve bile duct obstruction, commonly used in pancreaticobiliary malignancies.

A surgical reconstruction technique following gastric resection where the stomach is directly connected to the duodenum.

A staging system for hilar cholangiocarcinoma based on the anatomical extent of bile duct involvement.

A classification for pancreatic tumors with limited vascular involvement that may become resectable after neoadjuvant th...

A histological grading system for gastrointestinal cancers based on the degree of cellular differentiation.

A tumor marker glycoprotein commonly elevated in pancreatic and biliary tract cancers.

Severe weight loss and muscle wasting syndrome commonly associated with advanced gastrointestinal malignancies.

A tumor marker elevated in various gastrointestinal malignancies, particularly useful in monitoring treatment response a...

A glycoprotein tumor marker elevated in various gastrointestinal malignancies, particularly colorectal cancer.

Systemic syndrome caused by hormone-secreting neuroendocrine tumors, characterized by flushing, diarrhea, and bronchospa...

A tumor marker protein commonly elevated in colorectal and other gastrointestinal cancers.

The time required for carcinoembryonic antigen levels to double, used to assess tumor growth rate and treatment response...

A parenchyma-sparing surgical technique that removes the central portion of the pancreas while preserving both pancreati...

A clinical syndrome consisting of fever, jaundice, and right upper quadrant pain, classically associated with acute chol...

Scoring system predicting mortality risk based on patient comorbidities.

A surgical anastomosis between the common bile duct and jejunum to restore biliary drainage.