esophageal atresia
Congenital condition where the esophagus ends in a blind pouch, preventing normal swallowing.
Full Definition
A congenital anomaly characterized by incomplete formation of the esophagus, resulting in interruption of esophageal continuity. Classified using the Gross classification system, with Type C (proximal atresia with distal tracheoesophageal fistula) accounting for 85% of cases. Clinical presentation includes inability to pass a feeding tube, excessive oral secretions, and respiratory distress. Associated anomalies are common, particularly cardiac defects (VACTERL association). Surgical repair involves primary esophageal anastomosis when possible, or staged reconstruction for long-gap atresia.
Usage
Usage note: Always specify Gross classification type when documenting. Use 'EA' abbreviation only after full term is established.
In Context
- "The Type A esophageal atresia required staged repair due to the long gap between the proximal and distal segments." — surgical consultation
- "Preoperative evaluation for esophageal atresia should include echocardiography to assess for cardiac anomalies." — clinical guideline