malrotation
Congenital anomaly of intestinal rotation during fetal development, predisposing to volvulus and obstruction.
Full Definition
A developmental anomaly resulting from incomplete or abnormal rotation of the midgut during embryonic development, leading to abnormal positioning of the small bowel and colon. The condition creates a narrow mesenteric base that predisposes to midgut volvulus, a surgical emergency. Clinical presentation ranges from chronic intermittent symptoms to acute obstruction with bilious vomiting. Diagnosis is confirmed with upper GI series showing abnormal position of the duodenum and ligament of Treitz. Treatment involves the Ladd procedure, which includes division of Ladd's bands, widening of the mesenteric base, and prophylactic appendectomy.
Usage
Usage note: Always assess for associated midgut volvulus in acute presentations.
In Context
- "The upper GI series revealed malrotation with the duodenojejunal junction located to the right of midline." — radiology report
- "Emergency Ladd procedure was performed for malrotation with midgut volvulus and compromised bowel viability." — operative report