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tumor lysis syndrome
Metabolic emergency caused by rapid tumor cell destruction releasing intracellular contents into circulation.
Full Definition
Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a potentially life-threatening metabolic complication that occurs when large numbers of tumor cells are destroyed rapidly, typically following cytotoxic therapy. The massive cell death releases intracellular contents including potassium, phosphorus, and nucleic acids into the bloodstream, leading to hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, hyperuricemia, and secondary hypocalcemia. While more common in hematologic malignancies, TLS can occur in rapidly growing solid tumors including some gynecologic cancers, particularly when tumor burden is high.
Usage
Usage note: Often abbreviated as TLS in clinical documentation.
In Context
- "The patient developed tumor lysis syndrome following her first cycle of chemotherapy." — emergency department note
- "Prophylactic measures were implemented to prevent tumor lysis syndrome given the large tumor burden." — treatment plan
Also known as
TLS
Don't confuse with
tumor progression
chemotherapy toxicity