tumor markers
Biochemical substances in blood or tissue that may indicate presence, progression, or response to treatment of gynecologic cancers.
Full Definition
Tumor markers are measurable biochemical substances, typically proteins or other molecules, found in blood, urine, or tissue that may be associated with the presence or progression of cancer. In gynecologic oncology, important tumor markers include CA-125 for ovarian cancer, HE4 for ovarian cancer detection and monitoring, CEA for certain adenocarcinomas, and beta-hCG for gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. While tumor markers can aid in diagnosis, staging, monitoring treatment response, and detecting recurrence, they are not diagnostic by themselves and must be interpreted in conjunction with clinical findings, imaging, and histopathological results.
Usage
Usage note: Always specify which markers are being measured. Not diagnostic alone.
In Context
- "Serial tumor marker measurements showed declining CA-125 levels following chemotherapy." — Clinical progress note
- "Elevated tumor markers prompted further investigation for possible disease recurrence." — Follow-up report