tumor seeding
The inadvertent spread of cancer cells during surgical procedures, particularly when tumor capsules are ruptured or cells are spilled into the peritoneal cavity.
Full Definition
Tumor seeding refers to the unintentional dissemination of malignant cells during surgical manipulation, most commonly occurring when ovarian tumor capsules rupture during removal or when surgical instruments contaminated with cancer cells spread disease to previously uninvolved areas. This phenomenon is particularly concerning in ovarian cancer surgery, where intact tumor removal is preferred to minimize upstaging. The presence of tumor seeding can affect staging, prognosis, and treatment recommendations, often requiring additional chemotherapy cycles.
Usage
Usage note: Distinct from tumor spillage, which refers specifically to contents spilling from a cyst, while seeding encompasses broader surgical dissemination.
In Context
- "The surgical report noted concern for tumor seeding after inadvertent capsule rupture during cystectomy." — Operative note
- "To minimize risk of tumor seeding, the specimen was placed in an extraction bag before removal." — Surgical protocol