xerostomia
Pronunciation: zeer-oh-STOH-mee-ah
Subjective complaint of dry mouth, commonly occurring after radiation therapy to the head and neck region.
Full Definition
Xerostomia is the subjective sensation of oral dryness that commonly occurs as a side effect of radiation therapy to the head and neck region when salivary glands are included in the treatment field. The condition results from radiation-induced damage to the serous acinar cells of the major and minor salivary glands, leading to reduced saliva production and altered saliva composition. Xerostomia significantly impacts quality of life, affecting speech, swallowing, taste, and oral health, and increases the risk of dental caries and oral infections. Management includes salivary stimulants, artificial saliva, and preventive dental care.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from objective hypofunction (reduced saliva flow).
In Context
- "The patient reported severe xerostomia six months post-radiation, requiring prescription saliva substitutes." — Follow-up note
- "IMRT planning prioritized parotid gland sparing to minimize post-treatment xerostomia." — Treatment planning