anthracycline
Pronunciation: an-thra-SY-kleen
Class of chemotherapy drugs derived from Streptomyces bacteria, including doxorubicin and daunorubicin.
Full Definition
Anthracyclines are a class of antitumor antibiotics originally isolated from Streptomyces bacteria, characterized by their four-ring anthracycline structure and potent anticancer activity. The most commonly used anthracyclines in hematologic oncology include doxorubicin, daunorubicin, idarubicin, and mitoxantrone. These agents work primarily by intercalating DNA and inhibiting topoisomerase II, leading to DNA strand breaks and cell death. While highly effective against various hematologic malignancies, anthracyclines are associated with dose-limiting cardiotoxicity that can progress to irreversible cardiomyopathy. Cumulative lifetime dose limits and cardiac monitoring protocols are essential components of anthracycline-based treatment regimens.
Usage
Usage note: Refers to drug class, not individual agents; use specific drug names when possible
In Context
- "The anthracycline-containing regimen achieved high response rates but required careful cardiac monitoring." — Clinical protocol documentation
- "Cumulative anthracycline exposure approached the maximum recommended dose for cardioprotection." — Treatment summary report