autologous stem cell transplantation
A procedure using the patient's own stem cells to restore bone marrow function after high-dose chemotherapy.
Full Definition
Autologous stem cell transplantation involves the collection, preservation, and reinfusion of a patient's own hematopoietic stem cells following high-dose chemotherapy or radiation therapy. The patient's stem cells are harvested during remission, typically from peripheral blood after mobilization with growth factors. After intensive conditioning therapy designed to eliminate malignant cells, the preserved stem cells are reinfused to restore normal blood cell production. This approach allows for dose escalation beyond what would normally be tolerated due to bone marrow toxicity.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish clearly from allogeneic transplantation; specify 'autologous' to avoid confusion.
In Context
- "The patient underwent autologous stem cell transplantation as consolidation therapy for lymphoma." — treatment plan
- "Stem cell mobilization was successful, allowing for autologous stem cell transplantation to proceed." — progress note