Coombs test
Pronunciation: KOOMZ test
A laboratory test that detects antibodies attached to red blood cell surfaces or circulating in plasma.
Full Definition
The Coombs test, also known as the antiglobulin test, comes in two forms: direct and indirect. The direct Coombs test (DCT) detects antibodies or complement bound to red blood cell surfaces, while the indirect test detects circulating antibodies in plasma. In hematologic oncology, positive Coombs tests may indicate autoimmune hemolytic anemia, which can be associated with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and certain lymphomas. This test is essential for diagnosing immune-mediated cytopenias in cancer patients.
Usage
Usage note: Named after Robin Coombs; always capitalize. Specify direct or indirect when context requires clarification.
In Context
- "The direct Coombs test was positive, suggesting autoimmune hemolytic anemia." — Hematology consultation
- "Both direct and indirect Coombs tests should be performed to evaluate hemolysis." — Laboratory protocol