cytokine storm
Severe inflammatory response characterized by excessive cytokine release. Life-threatening complication requiring immediate intervention.
Full Definition
Cytokine storm refers to a severe, potentially fatal immune reaction characterized by the rapid and massive release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In hematologic oncology, this phenomenon is most commonly associated with CAR-T cell therapy and certain chemotherapy regimens, but can also occur in severe infections or other immunotherapy treatments. The excessive cytokine release leads to widespread inflammation, capillary leak, hypotension, organ dysfunction, and potentially multi-organ failure. Recognition and prompt management with immunosuppressive agents like tocilizumab or corticosteroids is crucial for patient survival.
Usage
Usage note: Hyphenate when used as a compound modifier. Can be used interchangeably with cytokine release syndrome in many contexts.
In Context
- "The patient developed grade 4 cytokine storm requiring ICU management." — Clinical note
- "Early recognition of cytokine storm is critical for optimal patient outcomes." — Treatment protocol