multiple myeloma
A cancer of plasma cells that typically involves the bone marrow and is characterized by the production of abnormal proteins.
Full Definition
Multiple myeloma is a hematologic malignancy arising from clonal proliferation of abnormal plasma cells within the bone marrow. The disease is characterized by the production of monoclonal immunoglobulins (M proteins) and light chains, which can be detected in serum and urine. Clinical manifestations include bone lesions, anemia, hypercalcemia, and renal dysfunction, often summarized by the acronym CRAB (hypercalcemia, renal dysfunction, anemia, bone lesions). Diagnosis requires evidence of clonal plasma cells and related organ dysfunction or biomarkers of malignancy.
Usage
Usage note: Use 'multiple myeloma' rather than just 'myeloma' to avoid confusion with other plasma cell disorders.
In Context
- "The patient presented with back pain and anemia, leading to a diagnosis of multiple myeloma." — clinical summary
- "Serum protein electrophoresis revealed an M spike consistent with multiple myeloma." — laboratory report