splenomegaly
Pronunciation: splee-no-MEG-ah-lee
Enlarged spleen commonly seen in hematologic malignancies. Important clinical finding requiring assessment.
Full Definition
Splenomegaly refers to abnormal enlargement of the spleen, which is frequently encountered in various hematologic disorders including leukemias, lymphomas, and myeloproliferative neoplasms. The spleen may become enlarged due to infiltration by malignant cells, extramedullary hematopoiesis, or portal hypertension. Clinical assessment includes physical examination, imaging studies, and correlation with laboratory findings. Massive splenomegaly can cause symptoms such as early satiety, abdominal discomfort, and cytopenias due to hypersplenism. Treatment may involve addressing the underlying hematologic condition or, in severe cases, splenectomy.
Usage
Usage note: Use consistent measurement standards when describing degree of enlargement.
In Context
- "Physical examination revealed massive splenomegaly extending to the pelvis." — Clinical examination note
- "CT imaging confirmed moderate splenomegaly measuring 18 cm in length." — Radiology report