Adrenal Insufficiency Screen
A hormone testing protocol designed to identify primary or secondary adrenal gland dysfunction.
Full Definition
An adrenal insufficiency screen is a structured approach to diagnosing adrenal gland dysfunction through measurement of cortisol and related hormones. The screen typically begins with morning cortisol levels and may progress to ACTH stimulation testing if initial results suggest impairment. Primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease) shows low cortisol with elevated ACTH, while secondary insufficiency demonstrates low cortisol with inappropriately normal or low ACTH. The screen may include electrolyte assessment, as adrenal insufficiency can cause characteristic sodium and potassium abnormalities. Timing is crucial, as cortisol levels vary throughout the day and stress can affect results. Proper interpretation requires clinical correlation, as symptoms of adrenal insufficiency can be non-specific and potentially life-threatening if unrecognized.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish between primary and secondary insufficiency when interpreting results.
In Context
- "The adrenal insufficiency screen revealed inappropriately low morning cortisol requiring further stimulation testing." — Endocrinology consultation report
- "Emergency department protocols include adrenal insufficiency screening for patients with unexplained hypotension." — Emergency medicine guideline