CO2 embolism
A rare but potentially serious complication where CO2 gas enters the vascular system during laparoscopic insufflation.
Full Definition
Carbon dioxide embolism is a rare complication of laparoscopic surgery that occurs when CO2 gas used for peritoneal insufflation inadvertently enters the circulatory system through damaged blood vessels or direct intravascular injection. This can result in cardiovascular compromise, including decreased cardiac output, hypotension, and in severe cases, cardiac arrest. CO2 is preferred over other gases for insufflation because it is highly soluble in blood and absorbed rapidly, making emboli less persistent and dangerous than air emboli. Recognition requires high clinical suspicion and immediate intervention including cessation of insufflation, patient repositioning, and supportive care.
Usage
Usage note: Serious complication requiring immediate recognition and intervention; distinguish from air embolism.
In Context
- "Sudden hypotension during insufflation raised concern for possible CO2 embolism." — Intraoperative complication report
- "The anesthesiologist noted characteristic end-tidal CO2 changes suggestive of CO2 embolism." — Anesthetic record