chorionic villus sampling
Prenatal diagnostic procedure involving extraction of placental tissue for genetic testing, typically performed at 10-13 weeks gestation.
Full Definition
Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is a prenatal diagnostic procedure performed between 10-13 weeks of pregnancy to detect chromosomal abnormalities and genetic disorders. The procedure involves sampling chorionic villi from the placenta either transcervically or transabdominally under ultrasound guidance. Unlike amniocentesis, CVS provides earlier genetic information but cannot detect neural tube defects. The tissue sample undergoes karyotyping or molecular genetic analysis to identify conditions such as Down syndrome, cystic fibrosis, or sickle cell disease.
Usage
Usage note: Often abbreviated as CVS; distinguish from cardiovascular system abbreviation in context.
In Context
- "The patient elected to undergo chorionic villus sampling due to advanced maternal age and elevated risk for chromosomal abnormalities." — Maternal fetal medicine consultation note
- "CVS results revealed trisomy 21, prompting genetic counseling and discussion of management options." — Prenatal diagnostic report