malpresentation
Any fetal presentation other than vertex, including breech, face, brow, and transverse lie presentations complicating delivery.
Full Definition
Malpresentation refers to any fetal presentation at the time of delivery other than the normal vertex (head-down) presentation, occurring in approximately 5% of term pregnancies. Common malpresentations include breech presentation (frank, incomplete, or complete), face presentation, brow presentation, and shoulder presentation (transverse lie). These presentations may result from factors such as multiple gestation, polyhydramnios, oligohydramnios, uterine anomalies, placental implantation abnormalities, or fetal anomalies. Malpresentations often preclude normal vaginal delivery and may require cesarean section, external cephalic version, or specialized delivery techniques. Early recognition through physical examination and ultrasound confirmation allows for appropriate delivery planning and reduces maternal and fetal complications.
Usage
Usage note: Specify exact type of malpresentation; distinguish from malposition (abnormal fetal head position).
In Context
- "Frank breech malpresentation at term was managed with planned cesarean delivery due to estimated fetal weight exceeding 3800 grams." — Delivery planning consultation
- "Face malpresentation was diagnosed during labor, requiring careful monitoring and ultimately operative delivery." — Labor and delivery progress note