preeclampsia
Pronunciation: pree-ee-KLAMP-see-uh
A pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure and protein in urine, typically developing after 20 weeks gestation.
Full Definition
Preeclampsia is a multisystem pregnancy disorder characterized by new-onset hypertension (blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg) after 20 weeks of gestation, accompanied by proteinuria or other maternal organ dysfunction. The condition affects 3-5% of pregnancies and can progress rapidly to severe complications including eclampsia (seizures), HELLP syndrome, and maternal death. Risk factors include nulliparity, multiple gestation, chronic hypertension, diabetes, and previous history of preeclampsia. Management ranges from close monitoring in mild cases to immediate delivery in severe cases. Early recognition and appropriate management are crucial for maternal and fetal outcomes.
Usage
Usage note: Replaces outdated term 'toxemia of pregnancy.' Note the double 'e' in the prefix.
In Context
- "The patient developed mild preeclampsia at 34 weeks with blood pressures consistently above 140/90." — Clinical progress note
- "Severe preeclampsia with features warranted immediate magnesium sulfate initiation and delivery planning." — Emergency department note