twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome
A serious complication of monochorionic twin pregnancies involving unequal blood flow through shared placental vessels.
Full Definition
Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is a serious complication affecting 10-15% of monochorionic twin pregnancies, caused by unbalanced blood flow through placental vascular anastomoses. One twin (donor) becomes anemic and growth-restricted with oligohydramnios, while the other twin (recipient) becomes polycythemic and may develop heart failure with polyhydramnios. The condition is staged using the Quintero staging system based on severity of findings. Treatment options include serial amnioreduction, laser ablation of placental anastomoses, or selective fetal reduction depending on gestational age and severity. Without intervention, TTTS carries high perinatal mortality and morbidity rates.
Usage
Usage note: Hyphenate when used as compound modifier. Commonly abbreviated as TTTS. Only occurs in monochorionic pregnancies.
In Context
- "Severe twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome required emergency laser ablation at 20 weeks gestation." — Surgical consultation note
- "Stage II TTTS was diagnosed with absent bladder in the donor twin and polyhydramnios around the recipient." — Ultrasound staging report