extravasation
Pronunciation: ek-STRAV-uh-SAY-shun
Accidental leakage of chemotherapy drugs from a vein into surrounding tissue.
Full Definition
Extravasation is a serious complication that occurs when intravenous medications, particularly chemotherapy agents, accidentally leak from the blood vessel into the surrounding tissues. This can cause severe local tissue damage, including necrosis, especially with vesicant drugs. Immediate recognition and appropriate management are crucial to minimize tissue damage. Prevention strategies include proper IV placement, frequent monitoring during infusion, and use of central venous access for high-risk medications.
Usage
Usage note: Distinguish from simple infiltration; extravasation specifically refers to leakage of vesicant or harmful substances.
In Context
- "The nurse immediately stopped the infusion upon noticing signs of extravasation." — Nursing documentation
- "Extravasation of doxorubicin required immediate intervention to prevent tissue necrosis." — Incident report