monoclonal gammopathy
Condition characterized by abnormal production of identical immunoglobulin proteins, often precancerous in hematologic contexts.
Full Definition
Monoclonal gammopathy refers to disorders characterized by the clonal proliferation of plasma cells or lymphocytes producing identical (monoclonal) immunoglobulin proteins or protein fragments. These conditions range from benign monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) to malignant multiple myeloma and other plasma cell dyscrasias. The monoclonal protein (M-protein or paraprotein) can be detected through serum protein electrophoresis and immunofixation. Regular monitoring is essential as some cases progress to malignancy. The condition may be associated with symptoms including bone lesions, renal dysfunction, or hypercalcemia.
Usage
Usage note: Often qualified as 'of undetermined significance' (MGUS) when benign, or associated with specific malignancy.
In Context
- "Serum protein electrophoresis revealed a monoclonal gammopathy requiring further investigation." — Laboratory report
- "The patient's monoclonal gammopathy remained stable on surveillance imaging." — Follow-up clinic notes