CO₂ embolism
A rare but serious complication of laparoscopic surgery involving gas bubbles entering the circulatory system.
Full Definition
CO₂ embolism is a potentially life-threatening complication that can occur during laparoscopic procedures when carbon dioxide gas enters the vascular system. This can happen through direct intravascular injection, torn vessels, or liver manipulation in certain positions. Symptoms may include sudden hypotension, arrhythmias, elevated end-tidal CO₂, and cardiovascular collapse. CO₂ is preferred over other gases for insufflation because it is highly soluble in blood and rapidly absorbed, making embolism less likely and less severe than with other gases. Immediate recognition and supportive care are crucial for patient safety.
Usage
Usage note: Use CO₂ (with subscript 2) rather than CO2 in formal documentation.
In Context
- "Intraoperative monitoring revealed signs consistent with possible CO₂ embolism requiring immediate intervention." — Complication report
- "The anesthesia team maintained vigilance for CO₂ embolism throughout the prolonged laparoscopic procedure." — Anesthesia record