subcutaneous emphysema
Complication where gas escapes into tissue layers under the skin during laparoscopic procedures.
Full Definition
Subcutaneous emphysema is a complication of laparoscopic surgery characterized by the accumulation of gas, typically CO₂, within the subcutaneous tissue layers. This occurs when insufflated gas escapes from the peritoneal cavity through small tears in the peritoneum or around port sites. Patients present with crepitus (crackling sensation) when the skin is palpated, and the affected areas may appear swollen. The condition is usually benign and self-resolving as the CO₂ is absorbed, but extensive cases can cause patient discomfort and, rarely, respiratory compromise. It is more common in prolonged procedures or when high insufflation pressures are used.
Usage
Usage note: Always specify anatomical location when documenting extent of emphysema.
In Context
- "The patient developed subcutaneous emphysema extending from the neck to the chest wall postoperatively." — Complication report
- "Subcutaneous emphysema resolved spontaneously within 48 hours without intervention." — Follow-up note