necrotizing enterocolitis
Pronunciation: NEK-ro-ty-zing en-ter-o-ko-LY-tis
A serious gastrointestinal condition primarily affecting premature infants, characterized by inflammation and death of intestinal tissue.
Full Definition
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe inflammatory bowel condition that predominantly affects premature infants, particularly those born before 32 weeks gestation or weighing less than 1,500 grams. The condition involves inflammation and necrosis of the intestinal wall, which can lead to perforation, sepsis, and death. Early signs include feeding intolerance, abdominal distension, and bloody stools. Treatment ranges from conservative management with bowel rest and antibiotics to surgical intervention for severe cases. NEC is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the NICU.
Usage
Usage note: Commonly abbreviated as NEC in clinical documentation; always specify staging when applicable.
In Context
- "The premature infant developed severe necrotizing enterocolitis requiring surgical intervention." — Surgical consultation note
- "Early recognition of necrotizing enterocolitis signs is crucial for preventing complications." — Nursing education material