osteopenia of prematurity
Metabolic bone disease in preterm infants characterized by decreased bone mineral density and increased fracture risk.
Full Definition
Osteopenia of prematurity, also known as metabolic bone disease of prematurity, is a condition affecting preterm infants characterized by decreased bone mineralization and increased susceptibility to fractures. It results from inadequate calcium and phosphorus intake relative to the rapid bone growth occurring in premature infants who miss the critical third trimester when most fetal bone mineralization occurs. Risk factors include very low birth weight, prolonged parenteral nutrition, chronic lung disease, and use of certain medications like diuretics or steroids. The condition can lead to pathologic fractures, growth retardation, and dental problems if untreated.
Usage
Usage note: Often abbreviated as OOP in charts. Monitor bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and ensure adequate mineral supplementation documentation.
In Context
- "Elevated alkaline phosphatase levels raised concern for osteopenia of prematurity." — Laboratory results interpretation
- "Calcium and phosphorus supplementation was increased to prevent osteopenia of prematurity." — Nutrition consultation note