persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn
A condition where elevated pulmonary vascular resistance persists after birth, causing right-to-left shunting and severe hypoxemia in newborns.
Full Definition
Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) is a syndrome characterized by the failure of normal circulatory transition after birth. In PPHN, pulmonary vascular resistance remains elevated, leading to decreased pulmonary blood flow and right-to-left shunting through fetal pathways such as the ductus arteriosus and foramen ovale. This results in severe hypoxemia that is often refractory to oxygen therapy. PPHN can be primary (idiopathic) or secondary to conditions such as meconium aspiration syndrome, respiratory distress syndrome, or sepsis. Treatment may include nitric oxide therapy, high-frequency ventilation, or ECMO in severe cases.
Usage
Usage note: Commonly abbreviated as PPHN; distinguish from other forms of pulmonary hypertension
In Context
- "The infant developed persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn following meconium aspiration." — Clinical note
- "Nitric oxide therapy was initiated for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn." — Treatment plan