pulse oximetry screening
Non-invasive screening test using oxygen saturation measurements to detect critical congenital heart disease in newborns.
Full Definition
Pulse oximetry screening is a simple, non-invasive screening method used to detect critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) in apparently healthy newborns before hospital discharge. The screening involves measuring oxygen saturation in both a preductal (right hand) and postductal (either foot) location to detect differences that might indicate ductal-dependent heart lesions. The test is typically performed after 24 hours of age when pulmonary vascular resistance has decreased and oxygen saturations have stabilized. Specific criteria include oxygen saturation <90% in either extremity, >3% difference between extremities, or failure to reach >95% saturation after repeat testing. Positive screens require immediate echocardiography and cardiology evaluation. This screening has become standard of care in many countries and is mandated in most U.S. states, significantly improving early detection of life-threatening heart defects that might otherwise go undiagnosed until after discharge.
Usage
Usage note: Critical screening tool that has significantly impacted early detection of congenital heart disease.
In Context
- "Pulse oximetry screening was positive with a saturation difference of 5% between hand and foot measurements." — Newborn screening report
- "The infant passed pulse oximetry screening with saturations >98% in all extremities at 30 hours of age." — Discharge documentation