hydrops fetalis
Pronunciation: /ˈhaɪdrɒps fɪˈteɪlɪs/
Severe fetal edema with fluid accumulation in body cavities, often indicating serious underlying pathology requiring immediate neonatal intervention.
Full Definition
Hydrops fetalis is a serious fetal condition characterized by abnormal fluid accumulation in fetal tissues and body cavities, including the abdomen (ascites), around the lungs (pleural effusion), around the heart (pericardial effusion), and generalized subcutaneous edema. It can be immune-mediated (typically due to Rh incompatibility) or non-immune (caused by various conditions including cardiac defects, infections, or genetic disorders). Affected newborns require immediate intensive care management, including respiratory support, fluid management, and treatment of the underlying cause. The condition carries a significant risk of perinatal mortality and morbidity.
Usage
Usage note: Use with caution as the term can be emotionally charged for families; explain in accessible language when communicating with parents.
In Context
- "Prenatal ultrasound revealed hydrops fetalis, prompting immediate delivery room preparation for aggressive resuscitation." — Delivery room preparation note
- "The infant with hydrops fetalis required immediate intubation and chest tube placement for severe pleural effusions." — NICU admission note