myelomeningocele
Pronunciation: my-eh-low-men-IN-go-seel
Most severe form of spina bifida with exposed spinal cord and nerve tissue.
Full Definition
The most severe form of neural tube defect in which the spinal cord, nerve roots, and meninges protrude through an opening in the vertebral column, typically in the lumbar or sacral region. Unlike a meningocele, the neural tissue is exposed and not covered by skin, making it vulnerable to infection and trauma. The condition results in varying degrees of paralysis below the level of the defect, bladder and bowel dysfunction, and often hydrocephalus requiring shunt placement. Immediate surgical closure is required after birth to prevent infection and further neurological damage.
Usage
Usage note: Complex term requiring careful spelling; often shortened to 'MMC' in informal clinical use.
In Context
- "The L4-L5 myelomeningocele was covered with sterile saline dressings pending neurosurgical repair." — NICU admission note
- "Prenatal diagnosis of myelomeningocele allows for counseling regarding prognosis and treatment options." — Genetic counseling report