nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation
Also written as: NIPPV — Nasal Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation
Non-invasive respiratory support method that delivers intermittent positive pressure breaths through nasal prongs, used as an alternative to mechanical ventilation in neonates.
Full Definition
Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) is a form of non-invasive respiratory support that provides intermittent positive pressure breaths delivered through nasal prongs or masks. Unlike continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), which provides constant pressure, NIPPV alternates between inspiratory positive pressure and expiratory positive pressure, effectively augmenting the infant's spontaneous breathing efforts. This modality can be synchronized with the infant's respiratory efforts (synchronized NIPPV) or delivered at a set rate (non-synchronized NIPPV). NIPPV has been shown to reduce extubation failure rates compared to CPAP alone and may decrease the need for mechanical ventilation in preterm infants with respiratory distress. The technique requires careful attention to interface fit and pressure settings to optimize effectiveness while minimizing complications such as nasal trauma.
Usage
Usage note: Specify synchronized vs. non-synchronized when documenting; distinguish from BiPAP which implies variable pressure levels.
In Context
- "Following extubation, the preterm infant was successfully supported with nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation." — Respiratory therapy note
- "NIPPV settings were adjusted to provide peak inspiratory pressure of 18 cm H2O with PEEP of 6 cm H2O." — Ventilator management