neonatal abstinence scoring
Also written as: NAS — Neonatal Abstinence Scoring
Standardized assessment tool used to evaluate the severity of withdrawal symptoms in newborns exposed to opioids or other substances in utero.
Full Definition
Neonatal abstinence scoring is a systematic method for assessing and monitoring withdrawal symptoms in infants born to mothers with substance use disorders, particularly opioid dependence. The most commonly used tool is the Finnegan Neonatal Abstinence Scoring System, which evaluates 21 signs and symptoms including central nervous system irritability (high-pitched crying, sleep disturbances, tremors, seizures), metabolic and respiratory symptoms (fever, poor feeding, tachypnea), and gastrointestinal dysfunction (vomiting, loose stools). Scores are typically assessed every 3-4 hours, with higher scores indicating more severe withdrawal symptoms. Scores consistently above 8-12 (depending on institutional protocols) generally warrant pharmacological treatment with morphine, methadone, or buprenorphine. The scoring helps guide treatment decisions, medication dosing, and timing of discharge planning.
Usage
Usage note: Specify which scoring system is used (Finnegan, modified Finnegan, etc.) as protocols may vary between institutions.
In Context
- "Neonatal abstinence scoring was performed every 8 hours to monitor for signs of opioid withdrawal." — Nursing assessment
- "The infant's NAS scores averaged 10 over 24 hours, prompting initiation of morphine therapy." — Treatment decision documentation