intrathecal chemotherapy
Direct delivery of chemotherapy drugs into the cerebrospinal fluid via lumbar puncture or ventricular reservoir to treat leptomeningeal disease.
Full Definition
Intrathecal chemotherapy involves the direct administration of anticancer drugs into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) through lumbar puncture or an implanted ventricular access device (Ommaya reservoir). This delivery method bypasses the blood-brain barrier and achieves therapeutic drug concentrations directly in the CSF, making it particularly useful for treating leptomeningeal disease and preventing CNS relapse in certain leukemias and lymphomas. Common agents include methotrexate, cytarabine, and thiotepa. The procedure requires careful attention to drug preparation, dosing, and monitoring for potential complications including chemical meningitis and infection.
Usage
Usage note: Abbreviate as IT after first mention; specify delivery route (lumbar vs. ventricular) and drug used.
In Context
- "Weekly intrathecal methotrexate was initiated for leptomeningeal lymphoma." — oncology treatment plan
- "The Ommaya reservoir allows for repeated intrathecal drug administration." — neurosurgical procedure note