whole brain radiation therapy
A treatment delivering radiation to the entire brain, typically used for multiple brain metastases, with risk of neurocognitive decline.
Full Definition
Whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) is a treatment approach that delivers radiation to the entire brain volume, typically administered in fractionated doses over 1-3 weeks. WBRT is primarily used for patients with multiple brain metastases, leptomeningeal disease, or as prophylaxis in certain cancer types with high propensity for brain metastasis. While effective for tumor control and symptom palliation, WBRT is associated with significant risk of neurocognitive decline, particularly affecting memory, attention, and executive function. Current practice emphasizes hippocampal-sparing techniques and consideration of alternatives like stereotactic radiosurgery to minimize cognitive toxicity.
Usage
Usage note: Abbreviate as WBRT after first mention; specify fractionation schedule and any sparing techniques used.
In Context
- "Given the presence of 15 brain metastases, WBRT was recommended over stereotactic options." — radiation oncology consultation
- "Hippocampal-sparing WBRT was employed to minimize neurocognitive toxicity." — treatment planning note