neurofibroma
A benign peripheral nerve tumor composed of Schwann cells, fibroblasts, and perineural cells, often associated with neurofibromatosis.
Full Definition
A neurofibroma is a benign tumor of peripheral nerves characterized by a mixture of Schwann cells, fibroblasts, perineural cells, and collagen fibers. Unlike schwannomas, neurofibromas are unencapsulated and infiltrate through nerve fascicles, making complete surgical removal difficult without sacrificing nerve function. They may occur sporadically or as part of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Histologically, they show a loose, myxoid stroma with wavy, spindle-shaped cells and lack the organized Antoni patterns seen in schwannomas.
Usage
Usage note: Often confused with schwannoma; key differences include encapsulation and growth pattern relative to nerve fascicles.
In Context
- "Multiple cutaneous neurofibromas were noted in this patient with confirmed NF1." — Clinical examination notes
- "The unencapsulated nature of the neurofibroma made nerve-sparing resection challenging." — Surgical report